Cijfers internationale handel EU-Japan bekend (en)
Over the last decade, EU27 trade in goods with Japan has been characterised by a fall in the share of Japan , particularly significant in the case of imports, and by a marked reduction in the EU27 trade deficit with Japan .
From 2000 to 2008, EU27 exports of goods to Japan remained relatively stable, then fell in 2009 due to the economic crisis, before recovering from 2010 to reach a peak of 55 bn euro in 2012. EU27 imports from Japan fell between 2000 and 2009, then partially recovered to reach 64 bn in 2012. As a result, t he EU27 deficit in trade with Japan decreased significantly from 47 bn in 2000 to 8 bn in 2012. In 2012, Japan accounted for 3% of EU27 exports and 4% of EU27 imports, and was the EU27 's seventh most important trading partner.
On the occasion of the 21 st European Union - Japan summit, which will take place on Monday 25 March 2013 in Tokyo, Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union , issues data on international trade in goods and services and investments between the EU and Japan .
Germany and the United Kingdom largest EU traders with Japan
Among the EU27 Member States, Germany (17.1 bn euro or 31% of EU exports ) was by far the largest exporter to Japan in 2012, followed by France (7.5 bn or 13%), Italy (5.6 bn or 10%) and the United Kingdom (5.5 bn or 10%). Germany (16.4 bn or 26% of EU imports ) was also the largest importer, followed by the Netherlands 1 (11.4 bn or 18%) and the United Kingdom (9.8 bn or 15%).
The largest trade deficits with Japan in 2012 were observed in the Netherlands 1 (-7.7 bn euro), the United Kingdom (-4.2 bn) and Belgium 1 (-3.0 bn), and the highest surpluses in Italy (+2.4 bn), France (+2.2 bn) and Ireland (+1.5 bn).
EU27 international trade in goods with Japan
billion euro
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
|
Japan |
|||||||||||||
Exports |
45.5 |
45.5 |
43.5 |
41.0 |
43.4 |
43.7 |
44.7 |
43.7 |
42.3 |
35.9 |
43.9 |
49.0 |
55.5 |
Imports |
92.1 |
81.1 |
73.7 |
72.4 |
74.7 |
74.1 |
78.2 |
78.9 |
76.2 |
58.2 |
67.3 |
69.2 |
63.8 |
Balance |
-46.6 |
-35.6 |
-30.2 |
-31.4 |
-31.3 |
-30.4 |
-33.5 |
-35.3 |
-33.9 |
-22.3 |
-23.3 |
-20.2 |
-8.3 |
Total Extra-EU27 |
|||||||||||||
Exports |
849.7 |
884.7 |
891.9 |
869.2 |
953.0 |
1 057.6 |
1 161.9 |
1 242.9 |
1 317.5 |
1 099.2 |
1 356.6 |
1 558.9 |
1 686.3 |
Imports |
992.7 |
979.1 |
937.0 |
935.2 |
1 027.5 |
1 183.2 |
1 363.9 |
1 445.0 |
1 582.9 |
1 233.1 |
1 530.5 |
1 721.7 |
1 791.4 |
Balance |
-143.0 |
-94.4 |
-45.1 |
-66.0 |
-74.6 |
-125.6 |
-202.0 |
-202.1 |
-265.4 |
-133.9 |
-173.9 |
-162.8 |
-105.1 |
Japan/ Total |
|||||||||||||
Exports |
5.4% |
5.1% |
4.9% |
4.7% |
4.6% |
4.1% |
3.8% |
3.5% |
3.2% |
3.3% |
3.2% |
3.1% |
3.3% |
Imports |
9.3% |
8.3% |
7.9% |
7.7% |
7.3% |
6.3% |
5.7% |
5.5% |
4.8% |
4.7% |
4.4% |
4.0% |
3.6% |
EU27 and Member States international trade in goods with Japan
million euro
|
||||||||||||||||||
EU27 |
49 016 |
55 489 |
69 229 |
63 782 |
-20 213 |
-8 293 |
||||||||||||
Belgium 1 |
3 386 |
3 808 |
6 543 |
6 797 |
-3 158 |
-2 989 |
||||||||||||
Bulgaria |
23 |
24 |
69 |
63 |
-45 |
-39 |
||||||||||||
Czech Republic |
419 |
552 |
1 263 |
1 331 |
-844 |
-779 |
||||||||||||
Denmark |
1 392 |
1 617 |
377 |
324 |
1 015 |
1 293 |
||||||||||||
Germany |
15 025 |
17 054 |
18 061 |
16 449 |
-3 036 |
606 |
||||||||||||
Estonia |
61 |
66 |
31 |
41 |
30 |
25 |
||||||||||||
Ireland |
1 740 |
2 092 |
607 |
548 |
1 133 |
1 544 |
||||||||||||
Greece |
33 |
51 |
321 |
129 |
-288 |
-78 |
||||||||||||
Spain |
1 822 |
2 075 |
2 593 |
2 315 |
-771 |
-240 |
||||||||||||
France |
6 590 |
7 460 |
5 705 |
5 233 |
885 |
2 227 |
||||||||||||
Italy |
4 732 |
5 640 |
4 218 |
3 194 |
514 |
2 446 |
||||||||||||
Cyprus |
0 |
1 |
50 |
36 |
-50 |
-35 |
||||||||||||
Latvia |
35 |
35 |
17 |
14 |
18 |
21 |
||||||||||||
Lithuania |
19 |
27 |
41 |
25 |
-22 |
2 |
||||||||||||
Luxembourg |
41 |
64 |
165 |
161 |
-124 |
-97 |
||||||||||||
Hungary |
431 |
449 |
1 147 |
994 |
-716 |
-545 |
||||||||||||
Malta |
98 |
106 |
37 |
38 |
61 |
68 |
||||||||||||
Netherlands 1 |
3 465 |
3 642 |
11 998 |
11 376 |
-8 534 |
-7 734 |
||||||||||||
Austria |
1 175 |
1 198 |
1 051 |
907 |
124 |
291 |
||||||||||||
Poland |
405 |
443 |
1 068 |
952 |
-663 |
-508 |
||||||||||||
Portugal |
192 |
190 |
341 |
295 |
-149 |
-104 |
||||||||||||
Romania |
171 |
212 |
260 |
259 |
-90 |
-47 |
||||||||||||
Slovenia |
29 |
33 |
81 |
49 |
-52 |
-16 |
||||||||||||
Slovakia |
66 |
112 |
423 |
469 |
-357 |
-357 |
||||||||||||
Finland |
975 |
1 063 |
408 |
309 |
567 |
754 |
||||||||||||
Sweden |
1 686 |
1 961 |
1 899 |
1 724 |
-214 |
236 |
||||||||||||
United Kingdom |
5 006 |
5 514 |
10 453 |
9 751 |
-5 448 |
-4 238 |
||||||||||||
Total extra-EU27 |
1 558 936 |
1 686 344 |
1 721 711 |
1 791 437 |
-162 776 |
-105 092 |
||||||||||||
Japan / Total |
3.1% |
3.3% |
4.0% |
3.6% |
EU27 international trade in goods with Japan by product
million euro
|
||||||||||||||||||
Total |
49 016 |
55 489 |
69 229 |
63 782 |
-20 213 |
-8 293 |
||||||||||||
Primary products: |
6 303 |
6 906 |
1 256 |
1 222 |
5 047 |
5 684 |
||||||||||||
Food & drink |
4 284 |
4 768 |
151 |
153 |
4 133 |
4 615 |
||||||||||||
Crude materials |
1 756 |
1 649 |
830 |
900 |
926 |
749 |
||||||||||||
Energy |
264 |
489 |
276 |
169 |
-12 |
320 |
||||||||||||
Manufactured goods: |
41 513 |
47 424 |
65 605 |
60 982 |
-24 093 |
-13 558 |
||||||||||||
Chemicals |
13 095 |
14 501 |
6 863 |
6 494 |
6 232 |
8 006 |
||||||||||||
Machinery & vehicles 2 |
16 345 |
19 332 |
44 759 |
41 227 |
-28 414 |
-21 895 |
||||||||||||
Other manuf’d articles 2 |
12 072 |
13 592 |
13 983 |
13 261 |
-1 911 |
331 |
||||||||||||
Other |
1 199 |
1 159 |
2 367 |
1 579 |
-1 167 |
-419 |
An increase in EU27 trade in services with Japan between 2009 and 2011
EU27 exports of services to Japan increased from 18.6 bn euro in 2009 to 21.8 bn in 2011, and imports from 13.4 bn to 15.9 bn. In 2011 the EU27 had a surplus of 5.9 bn in trade in services with Japan . This surplus was mainly due to computer & information services (+2.0 bn), financial services (+1.8 bn) and travel (+1.5 bn). Japan accounted for just over 3% of total extra- EU27 trade in services.
EU27 international trade in services with Japan
million euro
Export |
Import |
Balance |
|||||||
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
|
Total |
18 636 |
19 842 |
21 802 |
13 382 |
15 252 |
15 909 |
5 254 |
4 590 |
5 892 |
of which: |
|||||||||
Transportation |
4 370 |
5 246 |
5 449 |
4 058 |
5 254 |
4 727 |
312 |
-8 |
722 |
Travel |
2 077 |
2 092 |
2 176 |
838 |
905 |
725 |
1 239 |
1 188 |
1 451 |
Other services |
12 181 |
12 492 |
14 172 |
8 431 |
8 985 |
10 333 |
3 751 |
3 507 |
3 839 |
of which: |
|||||||||
Communications services |
179 |
202 |
211 |
112 |
143 |
146 |
67 |
58 |
65 |
Construction services |
135 |
116 |
125 |
165 |
257 |
167 |
-30 |
-141 |
-42 |
Insurance services |
809 |
987 |
307 |
179 |
214 |
229 |
629 |
773 |
78 |
Financial services |
3 072 |
2 854 |
3 205 |
1 080 |
917 |
1 417 |
1 992 |
1 936 |
1 788 |
Computer and information services |
1 331 |
1 771 |
2 215 |
196 |
239 |
229 |
1 134 |
1 532 |
1 987 |
Royalties and license fees |
1 789 |
2 207 |
2 252 |
1 839 |
2 519 |
2 956 |
-50 |
-311 |
-705 |
Other business services 3 |
4 529 |
3 946 |
5 520 |
4 725 |
4 549 |
5 084 |
-196 |
-603 |
436 |
Personal, cultural and recreational services |
299 |
338 |
297 |
50 |
43 |
46 |
248 |
294 |
251 |
Government services, other |
40 |
73 |
40 |
84 |
104 |
59 |
-44 |
-31 |
-19 |
Total extra-EU27 |
512 162 |
566 558 |
603 941 |
429 117 |
463 563 |
482 902 |
83 046 |
102 995 |
121 040 |
Japan / total extra-EU27 |
3.6% |
3.5% |
3.6% |
3.1% |
3.3% |
3.3% |
Japan is a net investor in the EU27
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) flows show that Japan is a net investor in the EU27 . The EU27 recorded investment in Japan of 1.7 bn euro in 2008, 1.3 bn in 2009 and 2.4 bn in 2011, and a disinvestment of 1.8 bn in 2010, while Japan recorded investment in the EU27 of 2.3 bn in 2008, 2.6 bn in 2009, 3.0 bn in 2010 and 12.1 bn in 2011.
EU27 FDI flows with Japan
(million euro)
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
|
EU27 FDI in Japan |
1 726 |
1 301 |
-1 785 |
2 360 |
Japanese FDI in the EU27 |
2 324 |
2 607 |
2 952 |
12 068 |
-
-Dutch imports and therefore the trade deficit are over-estimated because of the “Rotterdam effect” where goods destined for the rest of the EU arrive, and are therefore recorded in harmonised EU external trade statistics, in Dutch ports. This then has a positive effect on the external trade balances with Japan of those Member States to which the goods are re-exported as these shipments would be recorded as intra-EU trade with the Netherlands rather than extra-EU trade with Japan. To a lesser extent, Belgian trade figures are similarly over-estimated.
-
-Machinery and vehicles includes power generating and industrial machinery, computers, electric and electronic parts and equipment, road vehicles and parts, ships, airplanes and railway equipment.
Other manufactured articles include leather, rubber, wood, paper, textiles, metals, building fixtures and fittings, furniture, clothes, shoes and accessories, scientific instruments, clocks, watches and cameras.
-
3.Other business services comprise merchanting and other trade-related services, operational leasing services and miscellaneous business, professional and technical services.
Published by: Eurostat Press Office Louise CORSELLI-NORDBLAD Tel: +352-4301-33 444 eurostat-pressoffice@ec.europa.eu |
For further information on international trade in goods : Gilberto GAMBINI Tel: +352-4301-35 806 For further information on international trade in services : Franca FAES-CANNITO Tel: +352-4301-33 394 For further information on FDI data : luis.de-la-fuente-layos@ec.europa.eu |