Handel met China in waarde verdrievoudigd (en)

Met dank overgenomen van Eurostat (ESTAT) i, gepubliceerd op dinsdag 5 oktober 2010.

Between 2000 and 2009, EU27 trade in goods with China tripled in value. EU27 exports to China rose steadily from 26 billion euro in 2000 to 82 bn in 2009, while imports rose from 75 bn in 2000 to a peak of 248 bn in 2008 and then fell to 215 bn in 2009. As a result, the EU27 trade deficit with China increased significantly, from 49 bn in 2000 to 170 bn in 2008 and then dropped to 133 bn in 2009. The data for the first half of 2010 show a strong growth in EU27 trade with China. EU27 exports to China increased from 37 bn in the first half of 2009 to 53 bn in the first half of 2010 and imports rose from 103 bn to 125 bn. The trade deficit grew from 65 bn to 71 bn.

In the first half of 2010, China was the EU27's second most important trading partner after the USA, accounting for 8.5% of EU27 exports and 17.8% of EU27 imports.

On the occasion of the 13th European Union - China summit, which will take place on 6 October in Brussels, Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union, issues data on trade and investments between China and the EU.

Germany, almost half of EU27 exports to China and nearly a quarter of EU27 imports

Among the EU27 Member States, Germany (25 bn euro or 47% of EU exports) was by far the largest exporter to China in the first half of 2010, followed by France (5 bn or 10%) and Italy (4 bn or 8%). Germany (29 bn or 23% of EU imports) was also the largest importer, followed by the Netherlands2 (21 bn or 17%), the United Kingdom

(17 bn or 13%) and Italy (12 bn or 10%).

All Member States registered deficits in trade with China in the first half of 2010, except for Ireland and Finland (both +0.1 bn). The largest deficits were observed in the Netherlands2 (-19 bn euro), the United Kingdom

(-13 bn), Italy (-8 bn), Spain (-6 bn) and France (-5 bn).

More than 60% of EU27 exports to China in the first half of 2010 were machinery and vehicles3 and one sixth were other manufactured articles3, while these two groups accounted for more than 90% of imports. At the detailed level, the main EU27 exports to China included motor cars and aircraft, while the main imports included computers and parts and mobile phones.

EU27 Member States' trade in goods with China

million euro

 
 

Exports

Imports

Balance

Jan-Jun 2009

Jan-Jun 2010

Jan-Jun 2009

Jan-Jun 2010

Jan-Jun 2009

Jan-Jun 2010

EU27

37 491

53 462

102 716

124 944

-65 225

-71 482

Belgium2

2 008

2 611

5 503

5 454

-3 495

-2 843

Bulgaria

30

97

249

222

-219

-126

Czech Republic

272

425

2 002

2 820

-1 730

-2 395

Denmark

762

823

1 873

2 072

-1 111

-1 249

Germany

16 223

25 183

21 860

28 939

-5 638

-3 756

Estonia

27

34

98

129

-71

-95

Ireland

768

824

850

772

-82

52

Greece

45

71

1 634

1 598

-1 588

-1 527

Spain

901

1 180

5 688

7 251

-4 787

-6 071

France

3 698

5 491

8 738

10 582

-5 041

-5 091

Italy

3 341

4 109

9 899

12 023

-6 559

-7 914

Cyprus

4

8

141

177

-137

-169

Latvia

8

13

72

91

-64

-78

Lithuania

10

11

171

199

-160

-188

Luxembourg

54

59

2 064

733

-2 010

-674

Hungary

396

606

2 355

2 785

-1 959

-2 180

Malta

12

16

50

54

-37

-38

Netherlands2

2 125

2 652

16 059

21 206

-13 934

-18 554

Austria

904

1 222

1 314

1 501

-410

-278

Poland

451

632

2 637

3 240

-2 187

-2 608

Portugal

97

111

525

731

-427

-620

Romania

77

154

826

1 174

-749

-1 020

Slovenia

40

51

280

358

-241

-307

Slovakia

180

451

674

858

-494

-407

Finland

1 039

1 149

1 213

1 012

-175

138

Sweden

1 490

1 726

2 043

2 428

-553

-703

United Kingdom

2 530

3 755

13 896

16 537

-11 366

-12 782

Total Extra-EU27

523 065

630 404

590 221

703 320

-67 156

-72 916

China / Total

7.2%

8.5%

17.4%

17.8%

   

EU27 trade in goods with China by product

million euro

 
 

Exports

Imports

Balance

Jan-Jun 2009

Jan-Jun 2010

Jan-Jun 2009

Jan-Jun 2010

Jan-Jun 2009

Jan-Jun 2010

Total

37 491

53 462

102 716

124 944

-65 225

-71 482

             

Primary products:

3 371

4 970

2 889

3 217

482

1 752

Food & drink

659

906

1 676

1 830

-1 017

-923

Crude materials

2 604

3 757

1 012

1 288

1 592

2 469

Energy

108

306

202

100

-94

206

Manufactured goods:

33 209

47 604

99 348

121 197

-66 139

-73 594

Chemicals

4 664

6 117

3 958

5 105

707

1 012

Machinery & vehicles3

21 717

32 727

47 397

64 576

-25 680

-31 849

Other manuf’d articles3

6 828

8 759

47 994

51 515

-41 166

-42 756

Other

910

889

478

530

432

359

EU27 trade in goods with China

million euro

 
 

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

China

Exports

25 863

30 665

35 099

41 473

48 376

51 825

63 794

71 928

78 416

81 631

Imports

74 632

82 000

90 148

106 221

128 692

160 327

194 932

232 664

247 933

214 755

Balance

-48 768

-51 335

-55 049

-64 748

-80 316

-108 502

-131 138

-160 736

-169 517

-133 124

Total Extra-EU27

Exports

849 740

884 707

891 899

869 237

952 955

1 052 720

1 160 101

1 240 541

1 309 818

1 094 411

Imports

992 695

979 143

936 967

935 265

1 027 522

1 179 569

1 352 787

1 433 402

1 564 946

1 199 196

Balance

-142 956

-94 436

-45 068

-66 028

-74 567

-126 849

-192 686

-192 861

-255 128

-104 785

China / Total

Exports

3.0%

3.5%

3.9%

4.8%

5.1%

4.9%

5.5%

5.8%

6.0%

7.5%

Imports

7.5%

8.4%

9.6%

11.4%

12.5%

13.6%

14.4%

16.2%

15.8%

17.9%

EU27 surplus of 5.3 bn in trade in services with China in 2009

In 2009, the EU27 exported 18.5 bn euro of services to China, while imports from China amounted to 13.2 bn, meaning that the EU27 had a surplus of 5.3 bn in trade in services with China, compared with +2.6 bn in 2007 and +5.1 bn in 2008. The surplus in 2009 was mainly due to other business services4 (+2.6 bn) and royalties & license fees (+1.6 bn). China accounted for over 3% of total extra-EU27 trade in services.

EU27 trade in services with China

million euro

 
 

Credit

Debit

Net

2007

2008

2009

2007

2008

2009

2007

2008

2009

Total

16 810

20 442

18 515

14 166

15 311

13 223

2 644

5 131

5 292

of which:

                 

Transportation

6 801

8 214

6 215

6 907

7 621

6 382

-106

592

-167

Travel

1 900

2 013

2 076

2 907

2 257

1 861

-1 007

-244

214

Other services

7 989

10 024

10 206

4 312

5 335

4 942

3 677

4 688

5 263

of which:

                 

Communications services

239

266

267

189

172

155

50

94

112

Construction services

579

648

520

407

554

421

172

94

99

Insurance services

108

161

97

276

299

236

-167

-138

-139

Financial services

391

542

415

173

414

246

218

128

170

Computer and information services

534

933

953

171

190

174

363

744

778

Royalties and license fees

1 401

1 931

1 630

120

16

36

1 281

1 915

1 593

Other business services4

4 553

5 305

6 112

2 848

3 541

3 513

1 706

1 764

2 599

Personal cultural and recreational services

23

62

48

24

43

50

-1

19

-1

Government services other

160

175

163

105

106

111

55

69

51

Total extra-EU27

507 338

529 526

478 987

419 506

443 301

415 012

87 833

86 225

63 974

China / total extra-EU27

3.3%

3.9%

3.9%

3.4%

3.5%

3.2%

     

EU27 net investor in China

EU27 Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) into China was 5.3 bn in 2009, compared with 6.7 bn in 2006, 6.6 bn in 2007 and 4.7 bn in 2008, while Chinese direct investment into the EU27 stood at 0.3 bn in 2009, compared with 2.2 bn in 2006, 0.8 bn in 2007 and a disinvestment of 0.1 bn in 2008.

EU27 FDI flows with China

(million euro)

 
 

2006

2007

2008

2009*

EU27 FDI in China (outward)

6 693

6 585

4 734

5 290

Chinese FDI in the EU27 (inward)

2 186

759

-69

317

  • Provisional data
  • All data for China presented in this release exclude Hong Kong.
  • Dutch imports and therefore the trade deficit are over-estimated because of the “Rotterdam effect” where goods destined for the rest of the EU arrive and are recorded in harmonised EU external trade statistics in Dutch ports. This then has a positive effect on the external trade balances with China of those Member States to which the goods are re-exported as these shipments would be recorded as intra-EU trade with the Netherlands rather than extra-EU trade with China. To a lesser extent, Belgian trade figures are similarly over-estimated.
  • Machinery and vehicles includes power generating and industrial machinery, computers, electric and electronic parts and equipment, road vehicles and parts, ships, airplanes and railway equipment.

Other manufactured articles include leather, rubber, wood, paper, textiles, metals, building fixtures and fittings, furniture, clothes, shoes and accessories, scientific instruments, clocks, watches and cameras.

  • Other business services comprise merchanting and other trade-related services, operational leasing services and miscellaneous business, professional and technical services.
 

Published by:

Eurostat Press Office

Delia BISTREANU

Tel: +352-4301-33 444

eurostat-pressoffice@ec.europa.eu

mailto:eurostat-pressoffice@ec.europa.eu%0D

Eurostat News Releases on the Internet:

http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat

For further information on trade in goods data:

Gilberto GAMBINI

Tel: +352-4301-35 806

estat-etfree@ec.europa.eu

For further information on trade in services data:

Franca FAES-CANNITO

Tel: +352-4301-33 394

franca.cannito@ec.europa.eu

For further information on FDI data:

Luis DE LA FUENTE

Tel: +352-4301-35 583

luis.de-la-fuente-layos@ec.europa.eu