Werkloosheid in Europa daalt, maar niet voor ouderen (en)

The total employment rate for people aged 15-64 in the EU27 rose steadily from 62.4% in 2002 to 65.9% in 2008, but fell to 64.6% in 2009. The employment rate for women, which increased continuously from 53.7% in 20002 to 59.1% in 2008, dropped for the first time in 2009 to 58.6%. In contrast, the rate for older people, i.e. those aged 55-64, has continued to grow, reaching 46.0% in 2009, compared with 36.9% in 20002 and 45.6% in 2008.

In 2009, 217.8 million resident persons in the EU27 aged 15 years or more had a job or a business activity1.

This information comes from a report3 published by Eurostat i, the statistical office of the European Union, based on the results of the 2009 Labour Force Survey.

Male and female employment rates nearly equal in Baltic Member States

In 2009, the employment rate for persons aged 15-64 was above 70% in the Netherlands (77.0%), Denmark (75.7%), Sweden (72.2%), Austria (71.6%) and Germany (70.9%), and below 60% in Malta (54.9%), Hungary (55.4%), Italy (57.5%), Romania (58.6%), Poland (59.3%) and Spain (59.8%).

Denmark (73.1%), the Netherlands (71.5%), Sweden (70.2%) and Finland (67.9%) registered the highest rates of female employment in 2009, while Malta (37.7%), Italy (46.4%), Greece (48.9%) and Hungary (49.9%) had the lowest.

In all Member States the male employment rate was higher than the female rate in 2009, except for Lithuania, where the female rate was 1 percentage point higher than that for men, and Latvia, where the rates were nearly equal. Apart from these Member States, Estonia (1 pp) and Finland (2 pp) recorded the smallest differences between male and female employment rates, while Malta (34 pp), Greece (25 pp) and Italy (22 pp) recorded the greatest.

The employment rate for those aged 55-64 was highest in 2009 in Sweden (70.0%), Estonia (60.4%), Denmark and the United Kingdom (both 57.5%) and Germany (56.2%). It was lowest in Malta (28.1%), Poland (32.3%) and Hungary (32.8%).

Share of part time employment ranged from 2% in Bulgaria to 48% in the Netherlands

The share of part-time employment in total employment4 in the EU27 grew from 15.7% in 2002 to 18.1% in 2009. The highest shares of part-time employment were observed in the Netherlands (47.7%), Sweden (26.0%), Germany (25.4%), Denmark (25.2%) and the United Kingdom (25.0%), and the lowest in Bulgaria (2.1%), Slovakia (3.4%), the Czech Republic (4.8%) and Hungary (5.2%).

Share of limited duration contracts ranged from 1% in Romania to 27% in Poland

The share of employees with limited duration contracts5 in the EU27 grew from 12.3% in 2002 to 14.5% in 2007. It then fell to 14.0% in 2008 and 13.5% in 2009. The highest shares of limited duration contracts were observed in Poland (26.5%), Spain (25.4%), Portugal (22.0%) and the Netherlands (18.2%), and the lowest in Romania (1.0%), Lithuania (2.2%) and Estonia (2.5%).

Employment rates, part time employment and limited duration contracts, EU27 (%)

Employment rates, part time employment and limited duration contracts, 2009 (%)

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  The employment rate represents employed persons (Labour Force Survey concept) as a percentage of the same age population. Persons in employment according to the LFS concept are those aged 15 years and over living in private households who did any work for pay or profit for at least one hour during the reference week of the survey, or who were not working but had jobs from which they were temporarily absent. Family workers are included. The LFS employment concept differs from national accounts domestic employment, as the latter sets no limit for age or type of household, and also includes the non-resident population contributing to GDP and conscripts in military or community service.

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  In 2000, the Lisbon European Council set long-term targets for employment rates for 2010: 70% for the population aged

  15-64 and 60% for women of the same age group. The 2001 Stockholm European Council set mid-term employment targets to be reached in 2005: 67% for the total employment rate and 57% for the female employment rate. The Stockholm Council also set a long term target for the employment rate of persons aged 55-64: 50% in 2010.

In June 2010, the European Council set a new EU headline target under the Europe 2020 Strategy, aiming to raise to 75% the employment rate for women and men aged 20-64, including through the greater participation of young people, older workers and low-skilled workers and the better integration of legal migrants. This headline target will be translated into specific targets for each Member State later this year.

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  Eurostat, Data in focus, 35/2010, "European Union Labour Force Survey - Annual results 2009". Available free of charge in PDF format on the Eurostat website.

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  The full-time/part-time distinction is declared by the respondent.

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  Employees with a limited duration job/contract are employees whose main job will terminate either after a period fixed in advance, or after a period not known in advance, but nevertheless defined by objective criteria, such as the completion of an assignment or the period of absence of an employee temporarily replaced.

Eurostat news releases on the Internet: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat